From connectivity and trade to critical minerals, security and diplomacy, Narendra Modi’s Central Asian engagement reflects India’s effort to deepen its role in a strategically important Eurasian region while working alongside major powers, including China and Russia.
Ten years after its launch, UPI has transformed India’s digital economy, bringing instant payments to millions of citizens and businesses. From a domestic innovation, it has evolved into an emerging instrument of India’s economic diplomacy, with its growing international adoption demonstrating how India’s digital public infrastructure can extend its technological and economic influence beyond its borders.
The Middle East is going through one of its most important periods of transition in history. For decades, political and military tension and proxy wars have surrounded the area, and it is now slowly moving towards a new paradigm: diplomacy, economic diversification and stability are now the new means of regional long-term development.
The measure of a nation’s influence is no longer confined to the strength of its armed forces or the magnitude of its economy. In the digital age, enduring power increasingly resides in the ability to inspire confidence, shape narratives, ensure innovation and connect cultures across borders.
At a time when growing attention is being paid to the expanding partnership between India and Indonesia within the framework of the Indo-Pacific, another dimension of Indonesia’s foreign engagement is taking shape on the opposite side of the Indian Ocean.
As global power structures continue to shift toward multipolarity, the India–Russia relationship remains a critical pillar in Eurasian geopolitics and an increasingly important factor in shaping the strategic balance across the Global South.
The India-UAE Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA), signed in 2022, marks a significant transformation in the trajectory of bilateral relations between India and the United Arab Emirates. Moving beyond the traditional framework of energy dependence and diaspora-driven engagement, CEPA has institutionalised a broader framework of economic cooperation centred on trade expansion, investment facilitation, strategic connectivity, and geo-economic partnership.
